Cezanne, The Large Bathers발음듣기
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Cezanne, The Large Bathers
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(piano playing) Voiceover: Since the Renaissance I think of Michelangelo's David, the body had been sacrosanct, the human body had been accorded the most attention,발음듣기
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Voiceover: That's right, the body was a primary vehicle for artists to convey ideas and emotions.발음듣기
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Voiceover: But at the very beginning of the 20th Century, in the last years of Paul Cezanne's life, he begins to deconstruct the body.발음듣기
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Voiceover: We're looking at Paul Cezanne's The Large Bathers in the Philadelphia Museum of Art.발음듣기
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The subject of bathers is one that has a long history, think of paintings of Diana and Actaeon, by artists like Titian and Rubens, 발음듣기
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for example, artists like Degas were grappling with how to paint the nude in a modern environment.발음듣기
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Voiceover: When we think about Cezanne we think about an artist who began as an impressionist, who's emphasis might have been on the modern world.발음듣기
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Voiceover: Even though he's worked on this series of bathers for years the figures are remarkably unfinished, 발음듣기
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where we see sized canvas underneath in so many places, where faces and forms of the body are barely sketched in or barely begun.발음듣기
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The figures are being manipulated and moved and shifted in order to fit in to some overall composition that he has in mind.발음듣기
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Voiceover: Cezanne seems to be reaching for a kind of classicism, you had mentioned Titian and this painting seems to be reaching back to those grand traditions.발음듣기
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Voiceover: Right and if you look at the Titian of Diana and Actaeon, that Cezanne probably just saw a print of, 발음듣기
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it does seem as though Cezanne is thinking back to that Titian, to architectural forms, to the pyramid of the Renaissance, to the way that Titian opened up the central space of that composition to bring our eye into a deeper session of the landscape.발음듣기
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Voiceover: Titian, the great, late Renaissance Venetian is known for his glazing, for his ability to create chiaroscuro, to create the turn of the body, flesh that has a kind of translucency and Cezanne's figures seem as if they're made out of plaster, 발음듣기
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Voiceover: If we think about Titian we think about the sensuality of the body, especially the female body and here we have female figures who are anything but sensual.발음듣기
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They're architectonic, they seem frozen in their poses, their bodies are elongated, in some cases malformed, in some cases we seem to see multiple sides of the body at once, this is anything but a luscious, sensual Venetian image.발음듣기
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In the foreground we might be in a classicized Arcadian landscape, but on the far shore we can see the back of a horse and a man walking away from us, towards a church, and we realize that this is modern France.발음듣기
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So, there's this very peculiar pictorial construction that's offering us in the foreground, at this grand scale, this classicizing Renaissance subject matter, and then in the distance, something that might be an excellent Provence.발음듣기
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Voiceover: And all painted where huge areas of the canvas are unfinished, outlines of forms are unstable and repeated and seem to move and shift.발음듣기
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Cezanne seems to be modeling the forums of the bodies with warm and cool colors instead of using traditional [unintelligible].발음듣기
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He's building on impressionism, doing something classical, and in a way setting the stage for the abstraction that will emerge in the 20th Century.발음듣기
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Voiceover: That's the real achievement of this painting, taking classical forms and making them subservient to the abstraction of the canvas.발음듣기
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Cezanne is not copying the Titian, he maybe inspired by it, he maybe referencing it he's not looking at nudes in his study and being faithful to the shapes of their bodies.발음듣기
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You can see why this kind of painting, which was shown the year after Cezanne's death, in the retrospective in Paris, would have been so important to Matisse and to Picasso.발음듣기
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Voiceover: It was shown in 1907, the very year that Picasso completes Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, the first painting that begins to deconstruct space and open up forum in the early 20th Century.발음듣기
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