Moche Portrait Head Bottle발음듣기
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Moche Portrait Head Bottle
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출처 : 칸아카데미
Moche Portrait Head Bottle
(upbeat piano music) [Voiceover] We're standing in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the galleries devoted to the pre-Columbian art of South America.
And looking at an object that comes from what is present day Peru that was made by the Moche culture.
It's a ceramic bottle and this is one of thousands of bottles that have been found.
[Voiceover] It seems to have been something that was very important for them to produce in large numbers.
We know that they used molds to produce a lot of their ceramics and so they were making things in multiples even when they were finishing the surfaces by hand.
[Voiceover] And we see some beautiful finished work.
First of all, it's clear that the clay has been burnished probably with a smooth implement like river stone or something that would have been able to produce that very glossy, almost glaze-like quality, but this is not glazed.
It is, however, very characteristic of Moche's ceramic ware with this very unusual spout which is known as a stirrup spout.
[Voiceover] It's something that we see quite a lot in Moche vessels that are made for high status consumption.
It's something that is a revival to some extent of earlier styles that are seen in the Chavin and the Cupisnique culture and may even refer to the Moche looking back to those earlier cultures in their prestige and claiming it for themselves.
[Voiceover] So this object that we're looking at, although itself is very old, could be referring to something even more ancient.
So let's take a close look at it. We have this beautiful human face.
This probably male face with a sharp nose who seems to be looking directly out at us.
The ears are sort of oddly pushed forward and he's also clearly wearing something wrapped around his head.
[Voiceover] He's wearing a head cloth.
In this case, it's been placed over the head and then folded and wrapped so that you have what is essentially a kind of cap of fabric and then another flap coming down the back and covering most of the hair.
[Voiceover] You can see its folds and its overlapping, but you can also see that this representation presumably of something woven into the cloth that shows a dragon-like figure or kind of serpent.
[Voiceover] Yeah, they're referred to usually as feline serpents because they tend to have ears and they're a very common motif in Moche art.
You find them everywhere.
[Voiceover] So this is a ceramic representation of a depiction in cloth.
You can also see the painting directly on the face.
[Voiceover] We do see a lot of body painting both on men and women in Moche art.
There's not been a lot of research that's been able to show what particular designs mean, with one exception and we see it here.
[Voiceover] Here I think you're probably referring to the very faint rendering that we see just at the chin.
[Voiceover] Yes, the band that runs along the contour of the chin, and looks like it has these three little oblong objects that are hanging from it and those are meant to be representations of the pupae of flies.
And as grotesque as that may sound, what it's a reference to is the sacrifice that was practiced in Moche culture of warriors who then, were very frequently left exposed for a certain amount of time for the flies to devour and for their flesh to at least partially to decompose and there are some associations in Moche art of flies as being almost vehicles for human spirits to the underworld.
And it's a way of marking somebody as someone who's going to be sacrificed.
[Voiceover] What's interesting is that the figure is shown with such nobility and yet we're also seeing a figure that is to be sacrificed.
[Voiceover] Well, in the case of the Moche, it was important that the person being sacrificed was healthy and strong and brave.
And so he would have been somebody from the elites who had proven himself in warfare, but had lost one critical battle.
[Voiceover] And so, when then is a vessel like this made?
How was it used? We know so little about these people.
[Voiceover] These sorts of objects are not just being found in graves, they're also being found in domestic spaces.
In areas that we might think of as being middle class and so these may have been objects that were not only used by the elites,
but also given as gifts to the middle class perhaps as status gifts to help associate them and to bind them symbolically to the upper classes and that were part of their participation in the mythology and the world view of the elites.
That legitimized their rule.
[Voiceover] I want the face on this vessel to open its mouth and to tell us exactly what it means.
[Voiceover] That would be fantastic. (upbeat piano music)
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(upbeat piano music) [Voiceover] We're standing in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the galleries devoted to the pre-Columbian art of South America.발음듣기
대기중
And looking at an object that comes from what is present day Peru that was made by the Moche culture.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] It seems to have been something that was very important for them to produce in large numbers.발음듣기
대기중
We know that they used molds to produce a lot of their ceramics and so they were making things in multiples even when they were finishing the surfaces by hand.발음듣기
대기중
First of all, it's clear that the clay has been burnished probably with a smooth implement like river stone or something that would have been able to produce that very glossy, almost glaze-like quality, but this is not glazed.발음듣기
대기중
It is, however, very characteristic of Moche's ceramic ware with this very unusual spout which is known as a stirrup spout.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] It's something that we see quite a lot in Moche vessels that are made for high status consumption.발음듣기
대기중
It's something that is a revival to some extent of earlier styles that are seen in the Chavin and the Cupisnique culture and may even refer to the Moche looking back to those earlier cultures in their prestige and claiming it for themselves.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] So this object that we're looking at, although itself is very old, could be referring to something even more ancient.발음듣기
대기중
The ears are sort of oddly pushed forward and he's also clearly wearing something wrapped around his head.발음듣기
대기중
In this case, it's been placed over the head and then folded and wrapped so that you have what is essentially a kind of cap of fabric and then another flap coming down the back and covering most of the hair.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] You can see its folds and its overlapping, but you can also see that this representation presumably of something woven into the cloth that shows a dragon-like figure or kind of serpent.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] Yeah, they're referred to usually as feline serpents because they tend to have ears and they're a very common motif in Moche art.발음듣기
대기중
There's not been a lot of research that's been able to show what particular designs mean, with one exception and we see it here.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] Here I think you're probably referring to the very faint rendering that we see just at the chin.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] Yes, the band that runs along the contour of the chin, and looks like it has these three little oblong objects that are hanging from it and those are meant to be representations of the pupae of flies.발음듣기
대기중
And as grotesque as that may sound, what it's a reference to is the sacrifice that was practiced in Moche culture of warriors who then, were very frequently left exposed for a certain amount of time for the flies to devour and for their flesh to at least partially to decompose and there are some associations in Moche art of flies as being almost vehicles for human spirits to the underworld.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] What's interesting is that the figure is shown with such nobility and yet we're also seeing a figure that is to be sacrificed.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] Well, in the case of the Moche, it was important that the person being sacrificed was healthy and strong and brave.발음듣기
대기중
And so he would have been somebody from the elites who had proven himself in warfare, but had lost one critical battle.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] These sorts of objects are not just being found in graves, they're also being found in domestic spaces.발음듣기
대기중
In areas that we might think of as being middle class and so these may have been objects that were not only used by the elites, 발음듣기
대기중
but also given as gifts to the middle class perhaps as status gifts to help associate them and to bind them symbolically to the upper classes and that were part of their participation in the mythology and the world view of the elites.발음듣기
대기중
[Voiceover] I want the face on this vessel to open its mouth and to tell us exactly what it means.발음듣기
대기중
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