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Subject and object pronouns

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Subject and object pronouns발음듣기

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[Voiceover] All right, so grammarians, I want to talk to you about the difference between subject and object pronouns, but before we do that, let's start off with a little primer on what subjects and objects actually are, Just generally for our grammatical purposes.발음듣기

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In grammar, the subject is the part of the sentence or clause that does a thing.발음듣기

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The subject does a thing.발음듣기

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The object, on the other hand, is the thing that is acted on, has stuff done to it, so the object has stuff done to it.발음듣기

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The subject acts, the object is acted upon, let's give an example.발음듣기

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In the sentence, Reina wrote an e-mail, the subject of the sentence, the doer of the thing is Reina, right, as the subject.발음듣기

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The thing she is doing is writing an e-mail, so Reina wrote an e-mail.발음듣기

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E-mail is the object of the verb wrote.발음듣기

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It is the object of the sentence.발음듣기

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Now, there are cases when a sentence doesn't have an object.발음듣기

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For example, we could just say Reina wrote.발음듣기

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It doesn't have an object, it's just Reina's the subject, and then there is no object.발음듣기

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This is what we call intransitive usage, but you don't need to write that down or anything.발음듣기

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Now, understanding the relationship between e-mail and Reina enables you to understand how subject and object pronouns are used.발음듣기

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When we're subbing out these nouns for pronouns, we can figure out which ones we have to use, because pronouns have different forms depending on whether or not they are subjects or objects.발음듣기

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Reina is a girl's name, and if we know that Reina is a girl, we can refer to her as either she or her.발음듣기

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These are two of the feminine pronouns.발음듣기

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One of these is a subject, and one of them is an object.발음듣기

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She is the subject form, and her is the object form.발음듣기

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If we wanted to rewrite this sentence, speaking of Reina, we would say, she wrote an e-mail.발음듣기

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Not, her wrote an e-mail, you see.발음듣기

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Because her is the object pronoun, and therefore is the thing that, the object pronoun has stuff done to it, as opposed to the doer of things.발음듣기

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She is the subject form, it's the doer.발음듣기

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For e-mail it's easy, this just becomes it in all cases.발음듣기

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The subject form, and the object form are the same.발음듣기

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Let's do a couple more examples just to shore this up so you see what I mean.발음듣기

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I give her a present.발음듣기

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Right now, I is the subject, her is the object.발음듣기

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Subject, object, but what if we switched it?발음듣기

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What would it look like then?발음듣기

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Well it wouldn't be her give I a present, because since we're switching the subject and the object, we're gonna be switching the pronouns that we use too, so it would be, she gave me a present.발음듣기

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Now, she is the subject form of her, and me is the subject, is the object form, excuse me, me is the object form of I.발음듣기

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Get a little period in there.발음듣기

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Same thing with they and he.발음듣기

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They showed him a guitar. Why not?발음듣기

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They is the subject, and him is the object.발음듣기

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Let's give it the old switcheroo.발음듣기

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He showed them a guitar.발음듣기

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Now, we do the switcheroo, him becomes he, so we go from the object form which is him to the subject from which is he, and then they, the subject form becomes them, the object form.발음듣기

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Now when it comes to you and it, you're in luck, because the subject and object forms of these are the same, so subject equals object, with you and it.발음듣기