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Capital by Thomas Piketty

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Capital by Thomas Piketty발음듣기

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Voiceover: Thomas Piketty's "Capital in the Twenty-First Century" has been getting a lot of attention lately because it's addressing an issue that matters to a lot of folks, the issue of income inequality and wealth inequality.발음듣기

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And my goal here isn't to have a view on the book, to say the book is all right or it's all wrong, but to really use this book as a tool to give you the critical thinking tools you need to make your own judgement.발음듣기

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One thing that is neat about the book, is that he makes all the charts and figures available on his website.발음듣기

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So all of these screenshots that I got, these are from piketty.pse.ens.fr/en/capital21c2.발음듣기

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And I encourage you to go there on your own and to browse these charts because there's a lot of interesting charts.발음듣기

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But as you do so, always look at them with an open and a critical eye to see what makes sense or what might not make sense or what questions start to emerge that you'd like to dig deeper on.발음듣기

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But let me just start with this chart, right over here.발음듣기

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Because this begins to lay out what might be an issue.발음듣기

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So this is "wealth inequality in the United States between 1810 and 2010".발음듣기

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And the way that they're measuring wealth inequality is the share of top decile or percentile in total wealth.발음듣기

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So here, they're saying the top one percent's share of wealth, that's this line right over here, and then you have the top decile, the top 10 percent's share in wealth.발음듣기

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So this right over here, this data point, let me do this in magenta.발음듣기

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This is telling us that, based on his data, in 1810 the top one percent, the wealthiest one percent, had roughly, it looks like about 25 percent of the wealth of the country.발음듣기

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And the top 10 percent had about, looks like it's almost 60 percent of the wealth of the country.발음듣기

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And then we see how this is trending.발음듣기

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And it was trending up as we go through the 1800s all the way until the beginning of the 20th century.발음듣기

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So this is the 19th century right over here and the beginning of the 20th century.발음듣기

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And in particular, we have this period in the last few decades, the last two or three decades of the 19th century, the 1800s, that's often known as "the gilded age".발음듣기

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The gilded age that's associated with fairly dramatic wealth inequality. Gilded age.발음듣기

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And one of the questions that this book raises is, are we entering into another gilded age?발음듣기

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Now if you just look at this trend line here, it's clear that the wealth inequality isn't as severe as it was in the, I guess you could say "formal gilded age".발음듣기

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But it's a question of where is this going?발음듣기

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And is this something that people should be concerned about?발음듣기

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So the question is, is this trend line going to do what it did in the last few decades of the 19th century and do something like this, essentially maybe bringing at least this chart, more in line with what happened during the first gilded age.발음듣기

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Or is it going to do something like this?발음듣기

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Or is it going to do something like that?발음듣기

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And even if it does do something like this, are we going to have the same realities that we had in the first gilded age, where it's maybe disproportionate power associated with that wealth, or whatever else?발음듣기