Difference between wealth and income

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Difference between wealth and income발음듣기

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Sal: Before talking more about inequality I think it's worth talking about the difference between wealth and income.발음듣기

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Wealth and income, because I think they often get confused in conversations about wealth and income, and also about inequality.발음듣기

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As you can imagine these two things move together.발음듣기

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You tend to associate someone who has more wealth, has a higher income, or someone who has a higher income is more likely to have more wealth.발음듣기

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But these are not the same things.발음듣기

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Wealth is, you could view it as the capital or the assets that you own.발음듣기

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This is the value of capital and assets that you own.발음듣기

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Capital and assets that are owned.발음듣기

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While this is how much is made in a certain period of time.발음듣기

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So amount made in a certain period.발음듣기

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They tend to move together but not always.발음듣기

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Let's take an example where they don't move together.발음듣기

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Let's say that there's a retiree.발음듣기

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A retiree might have a lot of wealth because they've had a whole lifetime of income to save.발음듣기

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Let's say that your grandparents, or let's just say your grandfather has a wealth, the total assets, his total assets, let's say he has a million dollars, a million dollars in total assets.발음듣기

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But he's not working anymore, he's retired, so his total income is the return that he gets on that one million dollars.발음듣기

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Let's say that he has invested it in reasonably safe things and some bonds and whatever else, so he's getting a, let's say he's getting a three percent return after taxes on his wealth, so his income is going to be 30,000 dollars per year.발음듣기

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Let's say you, let's say this is you over here, let's say maybe you're just out of college, maybe you actually have more debt than you have assets so maybe your wealth could even be, your wealth if you, say you have a 20,000 dollar car but you owe 40,000 dollars for your college loans, you might have negative wealth.발음듣기

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You might have a wealth of negative 20,000 dollars but that education was to good use, you were able to get a really good job and you are now making, let's say you're making 80,000 dollars a year.발음듣기

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This is a situation where the younger person, they actually have more liabilities than they have assets, could even have negative wealth, but has a reasonably high income.발음듣기

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While someone who is older and retired could have a lot of wealth but a lower income.발음듣기

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Now as you can imagine, this is kind of, I've drawn two extremes here between a younger person making a good amount of money but they have some debt, and an older person who's just living on the returns from their cumulated wealth over their lifetime.발음듣기

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Now as you can imagine these two things do start to correlate, especially, for example, let's say wealth got really big.발음듣기

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Let's say instead of your grandfather saving one million over his lifetime, let's say it was 10 million, Let's say it's 10 million.발음듣기

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And he's investing it in the exact same way.발음듣기

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Now that three percent of 10 million, he has 300,000 dollars per year to live off of.발음듣기

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Obviously as wealth grows the income from wealth, the income from that capital will grow, and at some point that income could be larger than what you might be able to make purely from labor.발음듣기

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The whole point of this video is to at least highlight the difference.발음듣기

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Sometimes when people talk about inequality or disparities they'll talk about accumulating wealth in a segment of the population, while other times they'll talk about the national income, it going more and more towards the top one percent, or top ten percent, or top quartile or whatever.발음듣기

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They often move together but it's important to realize the difference.발음듣기

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