Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine발음듣기
대기중
Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine
39문장
20%
베트남어 번역 1명 참여
출처 : 칸아카데미
번역
0%
(gentle piano music) Beth: We're standing in the main aisle of what's known as the Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, and even what's left is just huge.발음듣기
대기중
Darius: Yes. Its massive scale here is to just overwhelm you with the power of the engineering and the architecture.발음듣기
대기중
We love it in archaeology, our history, when we actually find the work of art in situ, so we actually have the original architectural location and we actually have the architecture.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: This was started by the Emperor Maxentius, but then completed by the Emperor Constantine.발음듣기
대기중
Darius: It's pretty much a Maxentian project, but Constantine does some small modifications, so then, ultimately, his gargantuan statue, about 15 meters high, was placed on one end.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: This is almost unprecedented in terms of scale in the history of architecture, and the Romans were able to do this because of concrete.발음듣기
대기중
Darius: They do have some gigantic Basilicas like the Basilica Ulpia by Trajan in this Forum, and the Basilica Julia itself down in the Roman Forum, but this one here looks different.발음듣기
대기중
Instead, it's borrowing from the frigidarium spaces, the large cold halls in the bath complexes, like the Baths of Caracalla and the Baths of Diocletian, and it just looks awesome.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: Over the main area, there was a massive groin vault made out of concrete, and we see that the side aisles have barrel vaults, and we can still see the impressions from the coffers that were there.발음듣기
대기중
Darius: Creating these coffers, you are reducing the overall weight of the vaulting, so it has a double purpose, and that's the way the Romans were.발음듣기
대기중
They were interested in aesthetics, and they were interested in engineering and technology, and they were building things to last.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: What we're seeing here is brick facing on the concrete, and then these would have been covered by [what were] slabs of marble that would have been very colorful and geometric like the interior of the Pantheon.발음듣기
대기중
Darius: Right. When you look at these small little holes that pepper this surface, that's for the metal clamps.발음듣기
대기중
The metal clamps would have helped hold in place the panels of marble that also would have been glued in with cement, and it's, of course, all been stripped away.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: Concrete enabled the Romans to shape space in a way that was different from post-and-lintel architecture, and to create this sense of grandeur.발음듣기
대기중
We're talking about a period now at the end of the third century and the beginning of the fourth century, when the Empire is coming undone, and has been coming undone for a while now.발음듣기
대기중
Darius: Maxentius managed to pull things together for at least six years of reign, and he decided, "I'm going to make a fresh start in the city of Rome.발음듣기
대기중
When you see a structure like this, you're very much aware that the Romans are still able to build and still able to wow the audience.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: But then a civil war follows, and Constantine goes to battle with Maxentius with whom he was co-ruler before that.발음듣기
대기중
That Tetrarchic system, where there are two senior Emperors and two junior Emperors, really doesn't work and these guys are sons of some of those Emperors, so they're duking it out, literally, all throughout the Empire, and it's at the Milvian Bridge then that you get the total victory of Constantine and his troops and Maxentius is killed at the Milvian Bridge.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: It was just before this battle that Constantine had his vision that inspired him to become a supporter of Christianity and decriminalize it.발음듣기
대기중
Beth: And so this is the end of the Empire, and, in some ways, the beginnings of the Middle Ages.발음듣기
대기중
Darius: Here's a point in time in which Constantine is coming in, he's celebrating his victory, but he's not making a sacrifice at the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, and he will eventually move to make these big public churches for the first time, St Peter's and St John Lateran.발음듣기
대기중
At the same time, he's going to make sure that he takes care of the city and he wants to be associated with the Forum.발음듣기
대기중
He doesn't build a church here, but he does make sure that everyone knows that this Basilica is, indeed, his, and he is the ruler.발음듣기
대기중
칸아카데미 더보기더 보기
-
65문장 0%번역 좋아요1
번역하기 -
Titian, Assumption of the Virgin
24문장 0%번역 좋아요1
번역하기 -
Johannes Vermeer, Woman Holding a Balance
52문장 0%번역 좋아요1
번역하기 -
71문장 0%번역 좋아요2
번역하기
