Adieu: The composer and his work

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Adieu: The composer and his work발음듣기

("Adieu") Like many composers even in the historical past, I, from time to time occasionally like to revisit something that I did earlier.발음듣기

Not necessarily to revise but rather to look and listen again and probably place the music in a different context.발음듣기

To that effect, I had written quite a number of years ago a very brief brass quintet called Fanfare.발음듣기

And because I particularly wanted to accent the fact that Gerard Schwarz was a renowned trumpeter of the New York Philharmonic before beginning his distinguished career as a conductor.발음듣기

I decided I would take that little Fanfare and in two parts of the work, it's in two sections.발음듣기

In a sense, dismantle it in the first half and then reassemble it in the second half placing it then in another context of a string orchestra.발음듣기

("Adieu") Adieu by Bernard Rands is one of the 18 Gund/Simony Commissions that I premiered in 2010, '11 season.발음듣기

It was a commission from the Seattle Symphony to not to celebrate Gerard Schwarz leaving but the fact that for all of those years, he being a champion of contemporary music.발음듣기

And so many contemporary composers know him well, he knows their work well.발음듣기

They've worked closely together and I've been fortunate to be one of those.발음듣기

I have to assume that he wrote for brass quintet because prior to my days as a trumpet player with the New York Philharmonic I was in the brass quintet called the American Brass Quintet.발음듣기

In those days, this would be in the late '60s.발음듣기

There were two well-known brass quintets in the United States.발음듣기

The New York Brass Quintet and the American Brass Quintet.발음듣기

And at the age of 18 I was in the American Brass Quintet.발음듣기

So, I assumed that Bernard wrote this piece for brass quintet and strings as looking back into my life as a brass player. It is a fabulous piece.발음듣기

Again, very short.발음듣기

A juxtaposition of those two quintets.발음듣기

The quintet of strings, one, two violins, viola, cello, bass and two trumpets, horn, trombone and tuba.발음듣기

It starts out I would say aggressively, loudly with a rhythmic motif played by the violins.발음듣기

All these motifs at the beginning are all combinations of threes and twos but they happen in unusual places.발음듣기

So for example it starts badadam, badadam, badadadam.발음듣기

Badadadadam, badadam, badadam, papapata. I mean, it's a little unusual.발음듣기

("Adieu") After the initial statement of that, he repeats it but this time he adds the violas and then he adds the cellos.발음듣기

("Adieu") At the end of the phrase he also adds the basses then the brass entrance.발음듣기

So, it's the first entrances of the trumpet playing a solo.발음듣기

In a sense, the same kind of threes and twos.발음듣기

So the trumpet plays, the rhythm is badadadam, badadadadadam. Badadadam, badadadadadam.발음듣기

So, it's threes, twos and threes and it carries and then eventually he does his whole little, his little entrance theme and then the second trumpet comes in and complements that, and then the horn comes in and joins in so now we have a trio.발음듣기

Next obviously, we have to get the trombone in which he does, and then he brings in the tuba.발음듣기

("Adieu") After that we have this conversation between the strings and the horns.발음듣기

("Adieu") Finally the brass are left alone.발음듣기

They can shine by themselves in this wonderful little interlude that ends with the strings playing a couple of beautiful long chords.발음듣기

("Adieu") The next new material starts out with the horn and now we're using mutes.발음듣기

So what the brass do is they put something in the end of the instrument, the different kind of mutes.발음듣기

There are straight mutes and cup mutes and harmon mutes and bucket mutes. Horns have basically two options.발음듣기

So horns have their hand in the bell to make the sound a little more mellow.발음듣기

They can stuff the hand in the bell which is called stop, he does some of that.발음듣기

Or they can use a mute but there's only one kind of mute for the horn.발음듣기

So, the horn starts with a mute then the trombone then the second trumpet, first trumpet, eventually the tuba, and the strings now are just punctuating rather than really answering.발음듣기

("Adieu") And then the strings have a little interlude leading to the next section of the brass.발음듣기

Again, led by the horn, trombone, tuba, second trumpet, first trumpet.발음듣기

("Adieu") Then we have what one could call the recapitulation of the beginning or the repeat of the beginning.발음듣기

So at the very beginning he had all the violins playing loud.발음듣기

Now he does the same thing but he has all the violins playing very softly.발음듣기

("Adieu") This leads to the trumpet solo, second trumpet joins in just like the first time around.발음듣기

The horn, trombone and then the tuba.발음듣기

And then we do have this conversation just as we did the first time.발음듣기

Again, occasionally the strings are having the conversation.발음듣기

Sometimes they're just punctuating with little gestures among or during the brass solo.발음듣기

And the brass really now is full-fledged solo quintet.발음듣기

("Adieu") Brass playing with the strings in an accompanying role pretty much like that until the end and the brass just flourish at the end and it ends as you would expect Adieu to end.발음듣기

How would you expect if someone says goodbye and you could just see them sailing away, and so it ends, you know.발음듣기

Someone says goodbye and then they disappear.발음듣기

And in fact, that's how it ends with the strings disappearing.발음듣기

As the brass play strong, they stop and the chord remains as the strings disappear.발음듣기

("Adieu") It's very difficult to strike the balance between informing a potential listener what might strike them and how they might listen.발음듣기

And not prescribing them and putting constraints on them.발음듣기

There is only way to listen.발음듣기

That's to open your ears and open your mind and open your heart and just let it take you where it will.발음듣기

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