Lesson 2: Rhythm, dotted notes, ties, and rests

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Lesson 2: Rhythm, dotted notes, ties, and rests발음듣기

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[Voiceover] When any of these notes are notated, they create a rhythm.발음듣기

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The four quarter notes become a regular rhythm, while if we mix up different note values, we create a less regular rhythm.발음듣기

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For example, if we listen to the opening of the Brahms Academic Festival Overture, we see a variety of note values.발음듣기

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In the first bar, there are eight eighth notes.발음듣기

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Then in bar two and three, there's a pattern of a quarter note, two eighth notes, a quarter note, two eighth notes.발음듣기

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In the fourth bar, again we have eight eighth notes.발음듣기

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In the fifth bar, we have a quarter, two eighths, and two quarters.발음듣기

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In the sixth bar, we have two half notes.발음듣기

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(Academic Festival Overture) Sometimes, we see a dot after a note.발음듣기

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Here, we have a dot after a half note.발음듣기

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Any dot, like this, adds half the value of the note it follows.발음듣기

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In 4/4, our half note gets two beats, as we have learned.발음듣기

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If we add a dot to that half note, it will have three beats.발음듣기

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There is a second way that this can be notated.발음듣기

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This is by adding a quarter note to the half note and putting a tie above or below it.발음듣기

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A half note with a dot is the same as a half note tied to a quarter note.발음듣기

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If we look at the middle of the last movement of Beethoven Fifth Symphony, we see a dotted half note followed by a quarter note in the first bar and four quarter notes in the second measure. This pattern repeats numerous times.발음듣기

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It is played three times by the oboes, clarinets, and bassoons, leading to a version played loud, forte, by the full orchestra.발음듣기

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(Beethoven Fifth Symphony) If we now look at a quarter note with a dot, of course, we've now learned that the dot is worth half the value of a quarter note, which is an eighth note.발음듣기

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It could also be notated as a quarter note tied to an eighth note.발음듣기

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If we look and listen to the last movement of Dvorak's New World Symphony, we see a half note followed by two quarter notes in bar one, a dotted quarter followed by an eighth, and then a half note to complete bar two, a half, a quarter, and two eighths in bar three, and then a dotted half and a quarter in bar four to complete the beginning of this melody.발음듣기

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(New World Symphony) Now let's look at the beginning of the last movement of Tchaikovsky's Fourth Symphony to see some 16th notes.발음듣기

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(Fourth Symphony) Bar one is a half note followed by a dotted quarter note and an eighth note, and then the second bar is all 16th notes.발음듣기

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In the third bar, three beats of 16th notes and then two eighth notes.발음듣기

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In the fourth bar, we have some silence.발음듣기

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We notate these silences with what we call rests.발음듣기

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Each note value has a corresponding notation for a rest.발음듣기

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A whole note rest is a rectangular block that sits below a line.발음듣기

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A half note rest is a rectangular block that sits on top of a line.발음듣기

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This is what a quarter note rest looks like.발음듣기

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Now, an eighth note rest has a single flag on the stem, a 16th note has two flags, and a 32nd note has three flags on the stem.발음듣기

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Dots following a rest are also the same as dots following notes, half of the value of the note.발음듣기

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