El Greco, Adoration of the Shepherds발음듣기
El Greco, Adoration of the Shepherds
Naturalism, in fact, doesn't even seem to be a requirement, even though we're just coming really out of the Renaissance here. I mean, even by Mannerist standards (right? Because we're basically in the period of Mannerism, but moving into the Baroque), this is extreme.발음듣기
And of course, the Byzantine tradition was a tradition that was concerned with distorting the body for symbolic purpose.발음듣기
Now, El Greco gets to Spain, and he does these paintings in Toledo, for the most part, by way of Italy, where he really does train in the Renaissance style; so, he understands contemporary art at this point.발음듣기
We have a little bit of a, what, a barrel vault right behind the Virgin Mary. But besides that, it's all clouds and light.발음듣기
If you look at the structure of the painting, the composition, the Christ Child, who occupies the center of about five or six figures, almost provides the light source, almost as though it was a fire in the center of those figures that they were all warming their hands by.발음듣기
I think that this pictorial language that we're describing represents the spiritual, the transcendent, the otherworldly.발음듣기
and I think that, especially in Toledo, you have a very severe reaction, a Counter-Reformation, taking the Council of Trent's doctrine very seriously.발음듣기
So the Church is really looking to reform itself, to inspire faith in believers in a new and powerful way, and I think El Greco's paintings were able to achieve that.발음듣기
One of the things that he's doing is using color in a way that's - really, I think, unprecedented.발음듣기
We have neon oranges, and greens, and blues, and golds, that I don't think I've ever seen before.발음듣기
It really won't be until Delacroix, in the 19th century, that somebody is as bold with color; and even Delacroix, I think, is muted in comparison to this.발음듣기
We also have these very stark contrasts of light and dark, and figures that are very close to us, and this amazing foreshortening. I mean, look at those angels up in the sky.발음듣기
There is a sense in El Greco's work, and especially in "The Adoration of the Shepherds," that the Divine is with us.발음듣기
In the most complete way; that is, it completely infuses the physical world, in a way that more traditional, more representational Renaissance painting, and even Mannerist painting, doesn't quite achieve.발음듣기