Dying Gaul

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Dying Gaul발음듣기

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[piano music] We're looking at the famous sculpture called "The Dying Gaul" in the Capitoline Museum in Rome and this is a copy of a sculpture that dates from the third century B.C. - the original.발음듣기

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So this is a Roman copy of an ancient Greek original.발음듣기

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But a Greek sculpture that would have actually come originally from Pergamon, on the coast of what is now Turkey.발음듣기

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Right, in one of the areas that was a Greek colony... and it was to commemorate an important battle over a group that the Greeks would have looked at as barbarians.발음듣기

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It's interesting because in earlier Greek history.발음듣기

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If this Gaul was to be represented as defeated, he would have been represented as a barbarian, as somebody who was inherently less than the Greeks.발음듣기

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And although I think that you can still make the argument that that's the case if you look at his hair - it's roughly handled, his face - his brow is large, his nose is not as idealized as the Greeks might have represented themselves, nevertheless we see his pain.발음듣기

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We do. In images of death from the Classical period, in the archaic period, we get sometimes that archaic smile, or a sense of...발음듣기

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I don't want to say peacefulness, but a lack of expression... a kind of nobility... something that transcendes that moment of death, and something that is eternal and represents perhaps the heroic.발음듣기

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So that's interesting, but that would be the Greeks representing themselves, but here, because perhaps we're seeing a kind of a lesser being, not a Greek.발음듣기

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Somebody outside the Greek culture, there is a willingness to represent in a sense that pain, that suffering, and that weakness, but also there is a kind of nobility here.발음듣기

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That interesting emotion was very typical of the Hellenistic period.발음듣기

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So this is a late period. ...move away from that classical period of the fifth century, the 400s, of that interesting and ideal figures, figures that transcend the everyday, turn interest in figures that are older, figures that display emotion, figures that are fully human in a way.발음듣기

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Yeah, that's right. And this is an extraordinarily human rendering of something that is losing his power.발음듣기

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He's fallen, he's been wounded, you see the broken sword, the wound in his rib cage...발음듣기

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And the horns that have been dropped, perhaps he was a herald as well, or this a heralding.발음듣기

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He's falling, he's about to lose his strength.발음듣기

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We've got have a real certain moment of time here.발음듣기

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A kind of transitional moment...발음듣기

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We feel him falling to the ground.발음듣기

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But even as we feel that, we feel the original power of that body, the strength of those arms.발음듣기

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But that's failing. And it is a really tragic moment.발음듣기

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It is. It's that beautiful athletic body that is now defeated by imminent death.발음듣기

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That's what makes it so poignant.발음듣기

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There is this real empathy that exists there and it really is characteristic of that late Greek... that Hellenistic moment. [piano music]발음듣기

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