The Seated Scribe​, c. 2620-2500 B.C.E.

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The Seated Scribe​, c. 2620-2500 B.C.E.발음듣기

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[music playing] We're in the Louvre and we're looking at The Seated Scribe, which is an Old Kingdom sculpture that's not life-size from about 2600 B.C.E. or let's say about 4600 years old.발음듣기

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Right, so it's from the Necropolis at Saqqara.발음듣기

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Where the step pyramid is, the Djoser step pyramid.발음듣기

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So it's an important Old Kingdom site.발음듣기

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The sculpture is important for a whole bunch of reasons.발음듣기

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Not only what it tells us about Egyptian society, but also because it's a remarkably distinct sculpture in what is often a very rigid, pictorial tradition.발음듣기

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In that he looks very informal.발음듣기

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He is cross-legged, seated on the ground.발음듣기

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He's holding a papyrus scroll.발음듣기

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He would have been holding, of course, originally some sort of reed pen.발음듣기

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And he does look very human, very natural, compared to the more hieratic way that we usually see Egyptian figures.발음듣기

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And that has to do with the fact that he's not of kingly divine pharaonic status.발음듣기

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He's a scribe.발음듣기

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He's important, extremely important in the hierarchy of Egyptian society.발음듣기

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He can write, which was a very important skill.발음듣기

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And was obviously of a very high class because he had a sculpture made of him.발음듣기

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But still he's not a divine figure, and so he can be represented in this more naturalistic fashion.발음듣기

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You know it's interesting you said that he was very important, and I think that's expressed in a number of subtle ways.발음듣기

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Not only was he literate and entrusted in a sense with the writing of the state, presumably.발음듣기

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But there's a little bit of fat around his middle, and archaeologists believe that that's actually a signifier for his wealth.발음듣기

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You can also tell that he's middle aged because, you know not only from his fat, but he looks like he's lost some muscle tone in his arms and his chest.발음듣기

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And he has a sense of wisdom to him.발음듣기

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A little bit individualized, kind of thin lips and big ears and these inset eyes that make him look incredibly alive.발음듣기

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The iris is a rock crystal.발음듣기

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It's been drilled and there's a bit of color behind them.발음듣기

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And they're really exceptional.발음듣기

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There's some copper that actually surrounds the eye, which is really very beautiful.발음듣기

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And he's painted with red ochre and also a color black for his hair.발음듣기

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And if we think about the color, the inset eyes, his individuality, his relaxed informal pose, he's very natural.발음듣기

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And I say that, but at the same time he's really not right because he's meant only to be seen from the front.발음듣기

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He is a funerary sculpture and so there is also something meant to be transcendent here.발음듣기

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Well it's interesting you said meant to be seen from the front - yes, but since this is for the interior of a tomb - no one was meant to see it at all.발음듣기

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That's right it really is meant for the afterlife.발음듣기

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And it's so interesting that here is sculpture that truly transcends human life and that was meant for the afterlife, meant for this sort of eternal existence. [music playing]발음듣기

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