Degas, The Bellelli Family

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Degas, The Bellelli Family발음듣기

(jazz music) Dr. Zucker: We're in the Musee d'Orsay in Paris and we're looking at Edgar Degas' first great masterpiece.발음듣기

This is The Bellelli Family.발음듣기

It's actually a portrait of his own relatives.발음듣기

Degas, in his early career, went to Italy a number of times.발음듣기

When he went, he often stayed with his mother's sister, who is portrayed here in black.발음듣기

Dr. Harris: It's interesting to think about Degas in his early 20s first copying art in the Louvre, as a young art student, and then going to Florence and Rome and copying all the great masters.발음듣기

There is something that seems like early Italian Renaissance here, to me, in the way that the figures have a kind of stiffness.발음듣기

Dr. Zucker: But it's also a stiffness that I think is expressive of their social class.발음듣기

Degas' aunt here is married to a baron, the man who's seated, and there is this sense of the formality in their station, especially in a portrait and although this is not a traditional formal portrait, after all, the baron is literally facing away from us, nevertheless there is still a sense of the gravity of their place in the world.발음듣기

Dr. Harris: One could also read that as familial tensions, I think.발음듣기

It's probably all of those things at once.발음듣기

The mother looks out of the painting, past all of the figures.발음듣기

She's dressed in black in mourning for her father, who's pictured in the drawing behind her.발음듣기

Dr. Zucker: Notice how her gaze is perfectly aligned with the top of the matting of that red pencil drawing.발음듣기

Look at the young girl in the middle of the canvas.발음듣기

She is locked into the frame of that classical desk.발음듣기

The man is in that heavy, raw, upholstered chair and it's appropriate to his weight.발음듣기

The girl on the much more delicate chair.발음듣기

There really is a way that geometry, in a sense, structures this family.발음듣기

Dr. Harris: Finish talking about that psychological aspect here.발음듣기

Everyone seems to have their role and their psychological space.발음듣기

The mother in that decent way, the child in the center, the younger child who looks like she's not going to be locked in, in a way.발음듣기

Dr. Zucker: No, in fact, look at the way that only one of her feet, in fact only the toes of one foot is touching the ground.발음듣기

Dr. Harris: She's tucked the other leg underneath.발음듣기

Dr. Zucker: That's right, so there is a kind of asymmetry there.발음듣기

Dr. Harris: And there's a kind of distance between the husband and the wife and only the one daughter, who's looking very prim and proper, looks out at us and meets our gaze, but there is that formality and locked in sense that I think is working on class levels and emotional levels and the space of the interior.발음듣기

Dr. Zucker: You said something about how we see here and how the gaze works here and how vision works here.발음듣기

I think that that's really important, the fact that the figures are really not looking at each other, with the possible exception of the father gazing at his daughters and the one daughter gazing at us.발음듣기

Then, in the upper right corner, you've got a reflection in the mirror over the mantle.발음듣기

Is that a window, is that another framed mirror, is that a painting, and this notion of what it means to look and the complexity and the reflection of looking itself.발음듣기

The painting is, I think, a really early and important and ambitious essay, not only on intimacy or lack of intimacy, not only on social station, but also on what it means to create a painting that is about the internal relationships, through vision, amongst these family members.발음듣기

Dr. Harris: I see it also as something that we see as a thread through Degas, paintings that look very spontaneous and natural, but which are carefully composed with a real sense of geometric order.발음듣기

Dr. Zucker: It feels incredibly rigorous, doesn't it?발음듣기

Dr. Harris: It does, and the colors are just, the blue ...발음듣기

Dr. Zucker: Oh, it's gorgeous.발음듣기

Dr. Harris: Yes. (jazz music)발음듣기

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