Turner, Rain, Steam, and Speed - The Great Western Railway, 1844

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Turner, Rain, Steam, and Speed - The Great Western Railway, 1844발음듣기

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We're looking at Turner's great painting Rain, Steam and Speed The Great Western Railway which dates from 1844.발음듣기

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A time when the railway was really criss crossing the British landscape.발음듣기

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It was a really brand new way of travelling and connecting cities and people to each other.발음듣기

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It would really changed not only the landscape but changed society incredibly, dramatically.발음듣기

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It was probably the most potent symbol of industrialization.발음듣기

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Tuner really captures that feeling of the speed of the train coming toward the us, the rain pounding at the train and the bridge as it moves towards us.발음듣기

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I can almost feel the wetness of this day and hear the sound of the train.발음듣기

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Well the carriages were open and so people really would have felt that.발음듣기

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You think about what the speed of the train meant.발음듣기

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And of course the trains there in 1844 didn't move the speed the trains move now.발음듣기

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But think about the speed which people have travelled through history up to this point.발음듣기

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People have either walked or they had taken a horse and if you're lucky to take a carriage with multiple horses and could go a little bit faster.발음듣기

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But a little bit faster so that means you might have gone 15 miles/h and for the first time people had been able to be transported mechanically.발음듣기

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I think it's hard for us to recognize the radicalness of the railway and the kind of impact it must have had on the landscape.발음듣기

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I mean part of this is kind of nostalgia for what's lost, the notion of the violence of this hulking iron monster ripping through the landscape and it must have been loud.발음듣기

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Surrounded by agricultural fields perhaps, the way that Turner shows us a farmer on the right edge there.발음듣기

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I think you look at the landscape and you saw those contrasts between the old, rural England and the new, industrial England.발음듣기

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That's absolutely right. I mean on the left you see the bridge as well.발음듣기

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On extreme left you see an old, stone bridge.발음듣기

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Here, on the right you have a modern, industrial brick bridge meant to carry this railway.발음듣기

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But so much of this is about the subject but it's also about the way Turner painted it.발음듣기

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The atmosphere that we associate with Turner, this kind of gold and blue and brown coloring and this thick impasto of paint that we can tell it has been applied with a palet knife,발음듣기

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it's particularly thick toward the sort of center line of the painting and then the upper right.발음듣기

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It's so abstract that much of the painting is actually unreadable as in terms of anything specific,발음듣기

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and it's atmospheric, and it's atmospheric almost in an operatic way.발음듣기

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Three quarters of this painting is nothing but the variations of color and tone of the sky, of the atmosphere, of the rain and the way which in the sense of the rain creates a kind of unity and dissolves any kind of hard form.발음듣기

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Any kind of specific reading and forms.발음듣기

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The only one really comes through any clarity is the black iron of the chimney of that train.발음듣기

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That's true, it's only the chimney, the rest of the train itself kind of dissolves in the painting as well.발음듣기

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That idea of confrontation between the industrial power of men and nature is probably most sort of oddly juxtaposed by the train steaming towards a small rabbit in the lower right hand corner that seems to be hopping away as quickly as possible and of course the rabbit is a symbol of the speed itself.발음듣기

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I'm reminded that it's the power of paint that communicates to us more than the subject.발음듣기

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That it is really about the textures and the colors and the globe of paint and the dissolution of form here that communicate this idea of rain and atmosphere and speed and sound.발음듣기

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It would have been a very different painting had it been painted differently.발음듣기

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This painting is extensively about industrialization about this powerful new thing, this train.발음듣기

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But the painting really is about the act of painting itself and it is about the portrayal of this much more complex and much more subtle relationship between nature and men.발음듣기

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Because of Turners ability to handle tone and form with a kind of abstraction that is incredibly brave for this early period.발음듣기

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It really is.발음듣기

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I mean it is supposed to you know the abstraction of the twentieth century in many ways,발음듣기

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