Courbet, The Artist's Studio, a real allegory summing up seven years of my artistic and moral life발음듣기
Courbet, The Artist's Studio, a real allegory summing up seven years of my artistic and moral life
(piano music) Dr. Steven Zucker: We're at the Musee d'Orsay, and we're looking at one of the most famous, one of the most complicated, and one of the least understood canvases by Gustave Courbet, "The Studio."발음듣기
Sometimes it's got a secondary title, "The Studio: A Real Allegory of Seven Years of My Life As An Artist"발음듣기
Dr. Beth Harris: Right. "Summing up seven years of my life as an artist," I think that's the title that Courbet gave it when he exhibited it.발음듣기
What he did was held his own exhibition of realism right nearby the official exposition of 1855, where he wasn't allowed to share this painting, in a very independent Courbet move.발음듣기
Courbet very much saw himself in opposition to government authority and rules and regulations, and very much wanted to follow his own rules and regulations, which he obviously did when he set up The Pavilion of Realism to exhibit painting in his own space.발음듣기
Dr. Zucker: Before we get any further, I think maybe we should actually just read a brief quote by Courbet.발음듣기
He writes, "The name 'realist' has been imposed on me, "just as the name 'romantic' was imposed on a man of 1830.발음듣기
Working outside any system and with no previous prejudice, I have studied the art of the old masters and the art of the modern masters.발음듣기
I simply wanted to draw from a complete knowledge of tradition, a reasoned and independent sense of my own individuality. That was my idea, "to be capable of conveying the customs, the ideas, "and the look of my period as I saw them, "not to be just a painter but a man as well.발음듣기
I know what there is. I did my copying in the Louvre. But what I want to do is be true to myself as an individual living in 1850.발음듣기
Dr. Harris: In the center, Courbet himself shown in the act of painting, holding a palette, with a little boy gazing up in him, 발음듣기
Before we get past Courbet, let's spend a moment looking at the way that he is representing himself. He's seated.발음듣기
Remember that one part of this title is "a real allegory," so we have to assume that these are not just figures who happened to actually be in the studio.발음듣기
Dr. Zucker: So he's communicating first in the fact that he is painting a landscape, and that's significant because in the middle of the 19th century, landscape had very specific kinds of meanings associated with them.발음듣기
Dr. Harris: On the left, we see figures from everyday life, political figures, figures whose lives have been marked by the tragedy of poverty.발음듣기
We also have, in the bottom center, a white cat, who seems to be very playful, who may represent independence and freedom and perhaps the idea of a republic.발음듣기
Dr. Zucker: There is so much about this painting that defies any kind of clear narrative, or even symbolic narrative.발음듣기
And so there is a whole series of really important and profound symbols and meanings here that nobody has yet untangled.발음듣기
What emerges as important is this idea of the subjectivity of the artist as primary, that art is something which is about self-expression.발음듣기
Dr. Zucker: And so it was a willingness to allow or to give up, in a sense, the control of meaning.발음듣기
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