Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus발음듣기
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Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
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STEVEN ZUCKER: We're in St. Peter's Basilica, and we're looking at a famous early Christian sarcophagus.발음듣기
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Now it's a little complicated because what people generally see is the copy that the Vatican has in their museum.발음듣기
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BETH HARRIS: So we're looking at a very early moment, soon after Constantine has made it legitimate to be a Christian in the Roman Empire.발음듣기
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And Constantine is in the process of, in a way, making Christianity or leading toward Christianity becoming the official religion of the Roman Empire, which will happen in the end of the 300s.발음듣기
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STEVEN ZUCKER: So this is an early example, then, of a kind of openness and really a magnificent rendering of the iconography of Christian tradition.발음듣기
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BETH HARRIS: Right. And what's interesting is that it doesn't look the way that we expect to, in a way, because Christ is here in the center represented with probably Peter and Paul, or two figures on either side of him.발음듣기
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So I guess what I'm saying is that things that we normally associate with representations of Christ, where he looks like an emperor who's older, and he's got a beard-- here he's represented very youthful.발음듣기
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Although he's seated and frontal, he does have a kind of naturalism and movement to his body.발음듣기
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STEVEN ZUCKER: Which is interesting because it shows Christianity surmounting the old polytheistic traditions of the ancient Romans.발음듣기
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STEVEN ZUCKER: I really am interested by the point you made earlier about Christ not fulfilling the physical attributes that we come to expect.발음듣기
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That iconography is being developed. And here, he looks much more like a pagan figure, in a way.발음듣기
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And it's interesting stylistically because this sculpture is really showing a pretty high-pitched naturalism in terms of the rendering of the bodies, the contrapposto that we see the figures standing in, and even some of the sort of emotional attributes of figures.발음듣기
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BETH HARRIS: There is a kind of naturalism, although we see the beginnings of a kind of early Christian style.발음듣기
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And we're seeing early expressions of it here, but these are ways of representing the scenes that will become very familiar to us.발음듣기
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BETH HARRIS: And also other Old Testament scenes that would have prefigured the events in Christ's life.발음듣기
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Right. So that idea of saying that events in the Old Testament, such as the sacrifice of Isaac, prefigured Christ's own sacrifice for the salvation of mankind, so that way of saying that Christ's life is a fulfillment of the prophecy and the events of the Old Testament.발음듣기
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