Coordinating conjunctions

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Coordinating conjunctions 발음듣기

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[Voiceover] Hello grammarians. Alright, today I want to start talking about conjunctions, and conjunctions are this part of speech that has a very particular function in English and what it does conjunctions unite words, phrases, and clauses.발음듣기

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Let me, let me show you an example.발음듣기

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So if you want to talk about two things, you could say it's a peanut butter and jelly.발음듣기

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Or if I were going to paraphrase Eddie Izzard, I might offer you the choice of cake or death.발음듣기

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You could also describe something as being sad but true.발음듣기

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And these three are the most commonly used conjunctions.발음듣기

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Because I would be remiss if I didn't mention the seminal conjunction song that got me into the grammar game in the first place, Conjunction Junction, which I think was written by Jack Sheldon or performed by Jack Sheldon in like, 1973.발음듣기

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Schoolhouse Rock. It's great. Look it up.발음듣기

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But what I'm going to talk about today is a pneumonic, or a memory aide, called FANBOYS.발음듣기

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You may have heard this before, FANBOYS.발음듣기

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And this is how we remember the coordinating conjunctions.발음듣기

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And you don't need to worry about the name coordinating conjunctions, we'll get to that later.발음듣기

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For now, just remember FANBOYS.발음듣기

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For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, and So. FANBOYS.발음듣기

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We'll go through how each one of these are used over the next screen. Follow me downstairs!발음듣기

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So we've got For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, and So, and each of them have a different basic function.발음듣기

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So let's, let's review them.발음듣기

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For has this connotation.발음듣기

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You can use it the way you'd use a word like since or because, as in...발음듣기

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I do not eat buttons, for they are not food.발음듣기

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You can see I'm combining these two little sentences using the word for.발음듣기

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We're using this for to explain my reasoning.발음듣기

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I do not eat buttons because they are not food, and for is a simpler way to express that.발음듣기

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The conjunction and? Very elemental, very important conjunction combines one thing with another as in...발음듣기

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The kangaroo robbed the bank and torched the saloon.발음듣기

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A rather criminal kangaroo.발음듣기

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And you can see we're using and to combine these two ideas.발음듣기

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We're saying, this thing happened, this thing also happened, they happened together.발음듣기

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Nor is similar to and, but we use it to combine untrue things.발음듣기

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We use it to express negation.발음듣기

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So if I were going to talk about an angry tree spirit, for example, just to pull an example out of a hat, I could say, she won't leave her tree, nor will she speak with humans.발음듣기

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We use but to express exceptions, as in...발음듣기

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We used every building material but chewing gum.발음듣기

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Chewing gum is the exception to every building material.발음듣기

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We or as a conjunction to choose between options...발음듣기

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As in, would you rather have a pet bear or a pet giraffe?발음듣기

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We ask the hard questions on Khan Academy.발음듣기

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Yet is kind of like but, except that we use it to express unexpected things so I'm just going to write, to the contrary!발음듣기

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As if I were Sherlock Holmes hollering at a confused Watson.발음듣기

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And to the contrary, my good man Watson!발음듣기

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This is how we use yet. I'll show you.발음듣기

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I want to leave, yet I cannot.발음듣기

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So it sets up this kind of push and pull dynamic in a sentence, is what yet does.발음듣기

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We set the expectation, I want to leave, and yet here's the unexpected, what I'd say an ironic part, yet I cannot. I want to leave...발음듣기

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But unfortunately, or but unexpectedly.발음듣기

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When you would say but unexpectedly, just use yet.발음듣기

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And finally, the last part of FANBOYS, so shows consequences.발음듣기

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Dougal was allergic to sheep, so he skipped the wool festival.발음듣기

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Right so, so we're trying to set up that as a consequence of the first clause, Dougal being allergic to sheep, the thing that follows is, because of that, he decided to skip the wool festival.발음듣기

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This is FANBOYS, For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.발음듣기

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These are all covered in the exercises.발음듣기

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You can learn anything. David out.발음듣기

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