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Irregular plural nouns-base plurals

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Irregular plural nouns-base plurals발음듣기

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[Voiceover] Hello grammarians. I wanted to talk today about a different kind of irregular plural.발음듣기

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So we've been talking about regular plurals where you take a word and you add an S.발음듣기

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So for example, the word dog becomes dogs.발음듣기

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You add an S.발음듣기

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And this is the regular plural here.발음듣기

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But I've been talking about the irregular plural, the plural, the multiple form of a verb that is not regular, irregular.발음듣기

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But today I figured we'd talk about something called the base plural.발음듣기

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Which I will illustrate for you using our friend the sheep.발음듣기

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Now, sheep is a very strange word in that it doesn't matter whether not there's more than one of them.발음듣기

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The form of the word always looks the same whether it's one sheep or two sheep.발음듣기

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It's an irregular plural you don't add an S to.발음듣기

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This is called a base plural 'cause the base sheep, the thing that you would normally add this particle S to doesn't change whether it's singular sheep or plural sheep.발음듣기

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So that's you know.발음듣기

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There was one sheep... on the hill.발음듣기

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There's a sentence.발음듣기

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What if we put another little baby sheep on that hill?발음듣기

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A little lamb.발음듣기

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Well now the sentence looks like this. Two sheep... on the hill.발음듣기

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Now the only difference between these two sentences is that there's one sheep and two sheep and therefore that means that the verb changes to a plural conjugation.발음듣기

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So there was one sheep.발음듣기

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There were two sheep on the hill.발음듣기

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But everything else stays exactly the same.발음듣기

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One sheep, two sheep.발음듣기

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This is very strange, it's a base plural.발음듣기

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So in standard English, the form is two sheep... and not two sheeps. You see.발음듣기

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Now, there are more words that do behave this way.발음듣기

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So let's go investigate.발음듣기

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So there are a small number of words that also behave this way, the way sheep does, these weird sheep plurals, these base plurals.발음듣기

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One of them is fish.발음듣기

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So you could say the fish are plentiful this season, but you could also say, you know, the fish... is delicious.발음듣기

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You could say the bison migrate west or you could also say the bison migrates west indicating a single bison, you see.발음듣기

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Bison can be singular or plural.발음듣기

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Fish can be singular or plural.발음듣기

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As is so frequently the case, there is a special exception regarding the word fishes, which you may have heard before, and fishes is a word that we would use when we're talking about individual species of fish.발음듣기

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And fish is the word that we would use to refer to individual fish.발음듣기

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So let's say your uncle Marty is a prodigious fisherman and he catches, he goes fly fishing one weekend, he comes back, he has 30 fish. Marty caught... 30 fish.발음듣기

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But let's say on the other hand your aunt Marta is a prodigious marine biologist and she studies 30 different types of fish.발음듣기

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You would say Marta studies... 30 fishes.발음듣기

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And that doesn't mean that she studies 30 individual fish.발음듣기

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That means she studies 30 types of fish.발음듣기

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That's the difference.발음듣기

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Fishes is referring to species.발음듣기

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Fish refers to individuals.발음듣기

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That's how you'd use them in the plural.발음듣기

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So to review, there's this entire class of words called base plurals where the word itself, the base, doesn't take an S for the plural, it's just the same.발음듣기