Umbo, The Roving Reporter

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Umbo, The Roving Reporter발음듣기

(music) ("In The Sky With Diamonds" by Scalding Lucy) [Steven] This is Steven Zucker.발음듣기

[Beth] Beth Harris, introducing Julie Kreinik.발음듣기

Julie's here for the first time joining us in Smarthistory and we're going to talk about this really cool photograph that I really love.발음듣기

Can you tell us what it is?발음듣기

[Julie] It's actually a photomontage and the title is "The Roving or Frantic Reporter".발음듣기

[Beth] And this is portrait of a specific person, right?발음듣기

[Julie] It is a portrait of a Czech journalist.발음듣기

The portrait's from 1926 and is of a man named Egon Erwin Kisch.발음듣기

[Steven] And he was an actual reporter.발음듣기

[Julie] He's was an actual reporter, an actual journalist who was roving around mostly in Germany and in big cities like Berlin.발음듣기

The photomontage is by this amazing German artist, Otto Umbehr, who went by the name "Umbo".발음듣기

[Beth] So what's so amazing about Umbehr?발음듣기

[Steven] Look at this, it's fantastic! (laughs)발음듣기

[Julie] We're going to call him Umbo because that's the fly name that he chose, so he just went by Umbo.발음듣기

Umbo created this photomontage and really it relates both directly to the kind of journalist that Kisch was and that he was roving around and he was frantically seeking new information.발음듣기

It also relates to this idea that we're totally informed by the technologies of our own era.발음듣기

I think it's just fascinating to look at all these modern technologies that create this journalist, that make up him.발음듣기

[Steven] And in a sense, make up the culture at this moment.발음듣기

[Julie] Absolutely.발음듣기

[Beth] And really kind of dominated the way people were interacting with the world, just like we are so involved with the internet and chatting and IM ... (crosstalk).발음듣기

[Steven] But the word you used a moment ago, dominating, is perfect because this is a giant who's striving over the city.발음듣기

[Julie] He is. He's dominating the landscape completely.발음듣기

And he sees everything.발음듣기

[Beth] He does, like God.발음듣기

[Julie] Well, he has all of these sort of, they're enhanced appendages and sensory abilities, so you can see the camera lens makes up his right eye and he has the phonograph speaker as his ear. He hears better than anyone else.발음듣기

[Beth] And he moves better.발음듣기

[Julie] His leg is a car and a plane.발음듣기

[Beth] He's ready to move.발음듣기

[Steven] It's so interesting because in the '20s is really when popular comic figures were with sort of expanded powers, right?발음듣기

[Beth] Mm-hmm, superheroes.발음듣기

[Steven] Superheroes were really being developed -발음듣기

[Julia] Is that true? Does that date from the '20s?발음듣기

[Steven] Absolutely.발음듣기

[Beth] Like a superhero journalist (laughs).발음듣기

It reminds of walking texting now with your phone because he's actually typing as he's trying to get over the mountains and the crowd below.발음듣기

[Julie] Of course at the time, the typewriter is to them what Blackberry is to us.발음듣기

That's what I found. It's that thing that speeds up communications.발음듣기

[Steven] That's really interesting because now of course, in a popular press, there's all these fears about people spending too much time on their Blackberries, too much time on their computers, and I mean this is very true.발음듣기

[Beth] And multi-tasking - (crosstalk)발음듣기

[Steven] So this is also I think and expression of those fears.발음듣기

[Julie] It's kind of a monstrous figure with this technology and I think it's also like he's heroic and that he's huge and enormous and he has all these enhanced sensory abilities like a super hero, got super powers, but he's also really a menacing.발음듣기

[Beth] Yeah.발음듣기

[Steven] No question.발음듣기

[Beth] Stomp on the crowd below and shove them.발음듣기

[Julia] Yes, he's going to crush them with of his abilities there.발음듣기

[Beth] This also really reminds me of images of people after World War I with prosthesis.발음듣기

[Julie] Yes.발음듣기

[Steven] So the deformation of the body.발음듣기

[Beth] Yeah, like the people, the veterans coming back and images by George Gross, the wounded war veterans. (crosstalk)발음듣기

[Julie] The Krieg's cripple is there were the war cripple and that was just this huge symbolic and literal figure that came into the German, and many landscapes, but especially all across Germany, there were 4 million new wounded war veterans that were all of sudden -발음듣기

[Julie] Not all of them had prosthetic limbs, but a huge proportion of them did.발음듣기

The technologies of the war totally changed the way people relate to their own bodies and the way that they relate to other people's bodies.발음듣기

This really isn't a good association because Germany lost the war, so they're not looked on as heroic figures, they're the veterans who lost, they lost their limbs.발음듣기

[Beth] It's a reminder to show their humiliation.발음듣기

[Julie] Yeah.발음듣기

[Steven] But that's been reversed here because even though there's a menace and there's a negative aspect to some extent, there's also real promise here and sense of power.발음듣기

The parts of his face that are not obscured are still really quite handsome and there's a very positive aspect here as well.발음듣기

[Julie] I think he's dashing.발음듣기

[Beth] He is dashing with a cigarette -발음듣기

[Beth] Very suave.발음듣기

[Julie] Kind of glamorous.발음듣기

[Steven] So it's a kind of retrieval of the promise of technology then in some way.발음듣기

[Julie] Sort of trying to reclaim technology as something that offers promise, optimism, hope and things that help progress.발음듣기

[Beth] Progress.발음듣기

[Julie] Exactly, modern culture, progress.발음듣기

[Steven] This was a pretty desperate moment in German economic history.발음듣기

[Julie] It's actually interestingly, a few years after desperation, things are better in Germany ...발음듣기

[Beth] Slightly better.발음듣기

[Julie] ... Slightly better in 1926, I mean a lot better than they were in 1920.발음듣기

Through the early '20s, things were still in recovery, but by the mid '20s, things were getting better and I think in large part due to things like industrial -발음듣기

[Beth] I'm wondering if people looking at this and seeing the camera by his eye, would have thought of those images of gas masks during the war.발음듣기

[Steven] Yeah, that's a pretty dense layer of associations here, it's pretty extraordinary.발음듣기

How was this kind of imagery received in the '20s?발음듣기

[Julie] I think it had different audiences.발음듣기

I think artists that looked at it that were interested in seeing new kinds of image making, new vision photography, received it really well.발음듣기

This is also on the cover of a book.발음듣기

That was sort of a collection of Kirsch's journalistic pieces.발음듣기

It was reproduced many, many times.발음듣기

That's also kind of relating to the idea of modern technology and reproduction, so the images reproduce, it's rephotographed, [Beth] Made from photographs.발음듣기

[Julie] Made from photographs, pieced together, kind of their variety of echoes.발음듣기

For me one of the really interesting things is the idea of the speed ad technology everything kind of coming together.발음듣기

The journalist is exploring things and looking all around him, it's almost like he can see everything at once and technology is what's enabling him to do that.발음듣기

I think that idea that technology enables us to do more and better and faster -발음듣기

[Beth] Which we still have.발음듣기

[Julie] Exactly. I think it was exciting then and I think it was exciting -발음듣기

[Beth] Technology can solve our problems.발음듣기

[Steven] But I think also the reinsertion of the power of the journalist is probably a really important issue at this moment.발음듣기

Especially if we get the sense that the journalist has some integrity.발음듣기

It's not a part of a larger machine of propaganda.발음듣기

[Beth] Right.발음듣기

[Steven] It has some objectivity.발음듣기

[Beth] Right, which is also of course going to disappear in Nazi Germany.발음듣기

[Steven] Very quickly.발음듣기

[Julie] By the end of the 1920s and early 1930s things are looking vastly different.발음듣기

But '26 is a good year.발음듣기

The economy's looking up, things aren't quite looking bad yet.발음듣기

There's this moment of progress and technology is just integral to that.발음듣기

It's integral to his body.발음듣기

[Steven] It's fascinating. Terrific. Thanks. (music) ("In The Sky With Diamonds" by Scalding Lucy)발음듣기

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