Core spiritual ideas of Buddhism

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Core spiritual ideas of Buddhism발음듣기

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[Instructor] What I'd like to do in this video is explore the core spiritual ideas of Buddhism.발음듣기

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And we're going to do it relative to the core spiritual ideas of Hinduism as described in the Upanishads.발음듣기

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One, because there are significant parallels and also because Buddha and Buddhism grew out of a Hindu tradition.발음듣기

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So in both belief systems, there's this notion that the reality that we are in is a quasi illusion.발음듣기

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In the Upanishads it's described as Maya.발음듣기

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That there's a true self.발음듣기

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That there's this atman, which is of the same substance as the true nature of reality, of Brahman.발음듣기

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That all things are actually connected.발음듣기

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This notion of the individual is just an illusion and it's illusion given to us by this Maya.발음듣기

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And the Maya isn't just our sensory perception it's even our notions of ego and possibly even time-space and causality.발음듣기

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In Buddhism, there is a parallel notion.발음듣기

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That all of what we consider to be reality is just happening in our mind.발음듣기

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There isn't anything more real than that.발음듣기

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And we are subject to this reality because of our constant craving for that which is impermanent.발음듣기

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This craving is called Trishna, which is the Sanskrit word or Tanha, which is the Pali word, the language of Buddha.발음듣기

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Now because of this craving it leads to this constant suffering this Dhukka, which is really this reality that we are subjecting ourselves to.발음듣기

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Now in either case, we take action and that action leads to consequences.발음듣기

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And so in both traditions, we have this notion of Karma.발음듣기

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And that the Karma, the actions with consequences lead to further actions and consequences not just in this life, but in future realities in whatever next Maya or reality or life that we take on.발음듣기

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And this constant cycle of birth and rebirth is referred to as Samsara in both of the traditions.발음듣기

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So you see this commonality.발음듣기

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Now, in Hinduism there's this idea of trying to escape from Samsara through meditation by being able to see through the Maya and merge your atman with Brahman, seeing that all are one.발음듣기

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In Buddhism, there is a similar idea.발음듣기

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Through meditation, through following the eightfold path by recognizing the Four Noble Truths you should escape from this craving of impermanent things.발음듣기

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And in either tradition as you do that you escape from the Samsara.발음듣기

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And when you escape from the Samsara and this cycle of Karma leading to more and more and the Maya and the Dhukka disappear in Hinduism the term is Moksha you have freed yourself from this cycle.발음듣기

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In Buddhism, the Sanskrit word is actually Nirvana which literally means blown out but it's merging with the emptiness.발음듣기

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So even though officially, a Hindu might say through the Moksha your atman is merging with the ultimate reality of Brahman while in Buddhism.발음듣기

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When you achieve Nirvana you have recognized your nonself and it has merged with the emptiness with the non-being.발음듣기

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Now there is debate.발음듣기

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Is Buddhism saying that you should try to achieve a state of non-existence?발음듣기

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Many people would disagree.발음듣기

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They would say Nirvana is actually the ultimate bliss to recognize your nonself.발음듣기

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Some would say, hey this is just a matter of what words you use.발음듣기

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In either case, you are recognizing that there isn't the individual that you are merging with the true reality.발음듣기

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That you are merging with the universe whether you consider the universe to be Brahman or whether you consider the universe to be emptiness.발음듣기

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But in either tradition this is viewed as a state of release as a state of ultimate bliss and something that you should try to get to through practice.발음듣기

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