Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire발음듣기
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Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire
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출처 : 칸아카데미
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In the year 1200, the third Crusade has just ended and is mildly successful but Jerusalem is still in control of the Muslims.발음듣기
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The Byzantine Empire, what's left of the true Roman Empire is on the decline losing more and more territory to the Turks.발음듣기
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The Abbasid Caliphate is still around although it is now have been fragmented into many different Muslim empires.발음듣기
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Modern-day north India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan is under control of the Ghurid Sultanate with the rest of India being divided amongst various Hindu kingdoms.발음듣기
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In the east, in other videos, we study the Song Dynasty which is one of the really high points of Chinese civilization although they're suspicious of their northern neighbors.발음듣기
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But in the midst of all of this it ends up being a nomadic people that we really haven't talked a lot about in our survey of world history that become the main catalyst for change over the next several hundred years.발음듣기
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In the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries you have a leader by the name of Temujin arise in Mongolia.발음듣기
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And he's able to unite the various nomadic tribes and declares in 1206 a Mongol Empire you see here in this yellow color.발음듣기
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He is eventually called Genghis, or Genghis Khan the great Khan, the great ruler, or the universal ruler.발음듣기
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Now, even though the Mongols were not a focus point of world history up until this point they did have several very significant things going for them at this point in history.발음듣기
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As nomadic tribes of herders, they were excellent horsemen and they were also excellent archers, capable of shooting an arrow in any direction while riding a horse.발음듣기
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So as a military, they were incredibly nimble they were incredibly fast, they were incredibly brutal but they were also incredibly adaptable.발음듣기
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As they conquered more and more people they learned from them and by the time of Genghis Khan's death in 1227, they had conquered much of northern Asia.발음듣기
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Within half a century of Genghis Khan's death they will have conquered not just northern Asia.발음듣기
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As much pressure as the western Europeans were putting on the Turks during the Crusades it was actually the Mongol threat that was much more significant.발음듣기
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I use the word contiguous because the British Empire actually covers more land, as we'll see a few hundred years later.발음듣기
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But as you can see from this drawing, they begin to fragment into what's referred to as multiple Khanates that become more and more independent in the second half of the thirteenth century.발음듣기
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As we get into the fourteenth century we can see that it is now fragmented into multiple, still very significant empires.발음듣기
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In the east, you have Kublai Khan's Yuan Dynasty controlling modern-day Mongolia and China reemphasizing the importance of Buddhism until they eventually get reconquered by the Ming Dynasty.발음듣기
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And in Persia and the Caucasus, you have the Ilkhanate which you can view as a subordinate Khanate but is now independent.발음듣기
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