Veristic Male Portrait

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Veristic Male Portrait발음듣기

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[MUSIC PLAYING] DR. STEVEN ZUCKER: Before the emperor ruled Rome, Rome was ruled by a republic, by a senate.발음듣기

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DR. BETH HARRIS: A kind of counsel of elders.발음듣기

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DR. STEVEN ZUCKER: These generally were older men, who had come from the elite families in Rome.발음듣기

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And so when we think of the people accorded the most privilege, the most power in the Roman Republic, these were older men.발음듣기

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And their age, their experience, is what counted.발음듣기

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DR. BETH HARRIS: And so we find during this period of the Republic, especially the period of the late Republic, sculptures.발음듣기

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This sculptor seems to have taken every pain to record a real sense of age and experience.발음듣기

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DR. STEVEN ZUCKER: One example of a veristic portrait is in the Vatican, from the very late Republican period.발음듣기

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This is just before Julius Caesar will begin the process of turning the Republic into an empire.발음듣기

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We refer to these as veristic portraits.발음듣기

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DR. BETH HARRIS: That comes from the Latin word verus, for truth.발음듣기

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And so there's this idea that they're very truthful, but maybe there's an exaggeration of that sense of experience and wisdom and age.발음듣기

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DR. STEVEN ZUCKER: We see a head of a man that probably came from a much larger sculpture, ultimately.발음듣기

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We see his head is covered with a toga, which suggests that he was involved in some sort of ritual.발음듣기

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Concern is expressed through the eyes.발음듣기

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Look at the way that the lips, which are quite thin, are pressed together.발음듣기

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There is a solemnity, there is a seriousness.발음듣기

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There is a kind of authority that is born of the qualities of the face that we're seeing.발음듣기

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DR. BETH HARRIS: As we look at this shelf with six or eight busts along it, this face stands out.발음듣기

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It's really different from the tradition that will develop during the Empire.발음듣기

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Augustus becomes the first emperor of Rome and establishes a tradition that looks back to ancient Greece, and the tendency that we see there to idealize the human face and the human body.발음듣기

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So this kind of veristic portrait will come to represent, later on, noble republican ideals.발음듣기

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What's interesting is that we see, in the later images of emperors, that they choose to some degree, more or less, to idealize themselves.발음듣기

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So that if they have themselves portrayed more realistically, they're recalling the virtues of the ancient Roman Republic.발음듣기

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If they idealize themselves more, they're recalling an ancient Greek tradition.발음듣기

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DR. STEVEN ZUCKER: So in other words, this was a very conscious set of attributes.발음듣기

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It was a very conscious set of symbols that you could draw on, more or less.발음듣기

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DR. BETH HARRIS: It was a visual language.발음듣기

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DR. STEVEN ZUCKER: It's so interesting if you think about the way that we represent ourselves now.발음듣기

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If you open up a magazine, you have young models that are ideal, that are perfect.발음듣기

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And the older are not given primary status, in our visual culture.발음듣기

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But the ancient Romans, at least for a moment, felt differently. [MUSIC PLAYING]발음듣기

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