Khnopff, I Lock My Door Upon Myself

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Khnopff, I Lock My Door Upon Myself발음듣기

(piano playing) Steven: We're in Munich at the Neue Pinakothek, and we're looking at the work of a Belgian artist, Fernand Khnopff.발음듣기

Beth: The title of the painting is, "I Lock My Door Upon Myself," from a poem by Christina Rossetti, called "Who Shall Deliver Me?"발음듣기

Steven: I'm always interested by the visual arts when they have corollary in literature or in music.발음듣기

The way in which artists try to create a kind of alliance between the openness of words, and the way in which we can visualize in our imagination.발음듣기

But, how can that then be treated in something that we can see?발음듣기

Beth: I think it's real conundrum that painters, since the renaissance, have tried to deal with, including artists like Botticelli.발음듣기

The stanza in the poem that this is from goes like this: I lock my door upon myself, And bar them out; but who shall wall Self from myself, most loathed of all?발음듣기

This is, in some ways, a religious poem about inner struggle and the way that God can, in the end, provide salvation.발음듣기

But, to me, this idea of inner struggle and inner turmoil is very much the subject of so many symbolist paintings, this inner life.발음듣기

Steven: And so, we have this image that is very narrow in its tonality, so that there is not much distinction between, 발음듣기

for instance, these beautiful flowers, these lilies in the foreground that space across this frieze almost creating a kind of rhythm that speaks to the rhythm of poetry.발음듣기

Beth: Or, reminding me of a medieval painting, like a triptych in its [tri par tight] division, and the woman in the front who spans two of those parts of the painting.발음듣기

Steven: That woman is not enacting anything in an obvious sense.발음듣기

There is no theatrical gesture. She is quiet and contemplative, but in a way that allows for the ideas of the painting to, in a sense, be embodied by her.발음듣기

Beth: Khnopff was inspired by the Pre-Raphaelites, who painted about 40 years before him.발음듣기

Steven: So, the symboists are creating meaning by association, by feeling, and by symbol, as opposed to by an explicit narrative.발음듣기

Beth: I would say symbols that aren't very specific, but also open to interpretation.발음듣기

Steven: For instance, probably most evident is the sculptural head that's on the shelf in the background.발음듣기

We know that it's Hypos, the God of Sleep.발음듣기

Beth: The brother of Thanatos, the God of Death.발음듣기

Steven: Which seems to be completely in keeping with the mood of this painting .발음듣기

Beth: It does. Doesn't it?발음듣기

We have, on the right side, an image of a medieval townscape with a lone figure in it.발음듣기

Steven: That figure, seems to me, to be a contemplative, isolated figure, the way that we might think about [Fredricks Monks] earlier in this century.발음듣기

Beth: Then, on the left side, we see a door, but we can't really see the space that it opens into, and next to that, perhaps a mirror.발음듣기

Then, beside that, a decorative floral pattern.발음듣기

We have the lilies that are in the foreground.발음듣기

We have a lot of things that don't add up to a traditional narrative.발음듣기

Steven: Right. When we expect to see lilies, we tend to see white ones, and it speaks to Mary's virginity.발음듣기

These are not only orange lilies, but they're also dried.발음듣기

They've withered. There is something terribly melancholy about them.발음듣기

Beth: The female figure also looks off into the distance in a way that we can't read what she's feeling very clearly.발음듣기

Steven: As if that's not enough ambiguity, there are other elements in here that are just tantalizing.발음듣기

Note the very fine chain that hangs down, an unseen place in the middle of the canvas.발음듣기

There seems to be a little crown that hangs from it.발음듣기

Then, just to the right of that, in a rectangle, we can just make out what seem to be two circles, and what might be a face in the center.발음듣기

Beth: Then, the figure rests on a table that is reminiscent of an alter.발음듣기

On it, is a black cloth and a spear, or an arrow.발음듣기

What do all of these mean?발음듣기

If we look for explanation in the poem, we're not going to find it there.발음듣기

We're not going to find a meaning anywhere.발음듣기

This is really about evoking a mood, or a feeling.발음듣기

One way to think about that is that the impressionists, who came just before the symbolists, took the objective world and saw it through the lens of individual temperament.발음듣기

But, in symbolism, we a inner world made objective, made manifest, on the canvas.발음듣기

Steven: In a sense, the interior subjective self made universal as it's brought into the visual realm.발음듣기

Beth: We think about the title, "I Lock My Door Upon Myself," this focusing on the interior life, it brings us inside ourselves to find our own meaning and interpretation. (piano playing) 발음듣기

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